In the ever-changing landscape of global security challenges and sub-state conflicts, this programme addresses the phenomena of terrorism and insurgency in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. This programme will enable you to gain advanced insights into the history of terrorism, from state sponsored terrorism in the Cold War period and urban terrorists in Western Europe to the emergence of radical Islamism in the form of Al-Qaeda and ISIS. You will explore the dilemmas of preserving democratic liberties whilst developing counter-terrorism strategies and assessing the necessity and effectiveness of anti-terrorism legislation in the UK, the US and beyond. You will consider the wider political context and causes of radicalisation and terrorist violence, specifically analysing the geo-politics of the Middle East to appreciate the complex situation in Afghanistan, where the Taliban is resurgent, as well as Pakistan, Syria, and Iraq.